W.E.I.R.D.O.: An Acronym for Remembering When to Use the Subjunctive in Spanish - Yabla Spanish - Free Spanish Lessons (2024)

The use of the Spanish subjunctive can be a source of confusion for nativeEnglishspeakers. However, the easy-to-recallacronymW.E.I.R.D.O. can help you to understandwhen to use subjunctive in Spanish.

What is the Spanish Subjunctive Mood?

The subjunctive is one of the three"moods" in Spanish:the indicative,the subjunctive, and the imperative.Most simply put, theimperative encompasses commands, the indicative describes objective or certain actions, and verbs in thesubjunctive reflectsubjectivity, a lack of certainty, oremotion.

How Do You Know It's Subjunctive?

You can tell a Spanish verb is subjunctive because it is conjugated differentlythan "normal." For example, whileTú hablasmeans"You speak" in the indicative,if you wishto say, "I hope you speak," the verb changes tohables in the translationEspero que tú hablesbecausethe concept of "hoping" something happensissubjunctive. In contrast, whilethe English language is perfectly capable of expressing these same ideas,there is no differencein the form of the verbsin the equivalent sentences"You speak" and "I hope you speak."

Because the subjunctive is a mood rather thana tense, it might depict actions in thepast, present, or future. For this reason, just like in the indicative mood,there are manysubjunctive tenses in Spanish.That said, the examples in today's lesson will be inthe present subjunctive, which you can learn how to formulate in this lesson onconjugating the present subjunctive in Spanish.

When to Use Subjunctive in Spanish

The Spanish subjunctive is used in dependent clauses that are often introduced by queor another conjunction. Subjunctive sentences typically involve more than one subject and more than one verb. For example, in our aforementioned sentence: Yo espero que túhables, there are two subjects,Yo (I)andtú (you),and two verbs,espero(I hope) and hables (you speak), with the subjunctive verb hablesappearing in the dependent clause that follows the word que.

The amusing acronymW.E.I.R.D.O., which stands for Wishes, Emotions, Impersonal Expressions, Recommendations, Doubt/Denial, and Ojalá, can help you to remember several contexts that require the subjunctive. In each subcategory, we will introduce you to several verbs that "trigger" the use of the subjunctive.

1. Wishes

Just because one wishes or hopes thingswill happen doesn't mean theywill, not to mention those actions we ask (or even order!)others to perform.Spanish employs the subjunctive mood to talk about such situations, often using thecommon formula of a"wishing" verb plus que plus a verb in the present subjunctive. Let's take a look at some examples:

Si queremos que nuestro café sea más dulce podemos añadir azúcar, nata, leche condensada, miel.

If we want for our coffee to be sweeter we can add sugar, cream, condensed milk, honey.

Captions 25-26, Karla e Isabel Como pedir un café

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Así que, esperamos que lo disfruten, que lo sepan gozar, pero eso sí de una manera muy sana.

So, we hope you enjoy it, that you know how to enjoy it, but mind you in a very healthy way.

Captions 25-26, Los Años Maravillosos Capítulo 6 - Part 1

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Solo te pido que me digas cuál de ellos es Triskas:

I'll just ask for you to tell me which of them is Triskas:

Captions 11-12, Extr@: Extra en español Ep. 5: Ha nacido una estrella - Part 4

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Verbs that fall into this category of describing wishes or desiresincludedesear(to want/wish/desire),esperar(to hope),exigir(to demand/require),insistir(to insist), mandar (to order), necesitar (to need), ordenar (to order), pedir (to ask),preferir(to prefer), andquerer(to want).

2. Emotions

Spanish also utilizesthe subjunctive mood to talk about one's feeling regarding some action or state, even if it'sobjectively true. As an example, if you wanted to say "I'm very happy you have a new job," you might use the formula emotion verb plus a conjunction (e.g. que or de que) plus a subjunctive verb toget:Me alegro mucho de que tengas un trabajo nuevo. Let's see some more examples:

Me alegrode quele guste.

I'm gladyou like it.

Caption 15,Los casos de Yabla Problemas de convivencia - Part 2

See Also

35 Common Terms of Endearment in Spanish | FluentU Spanish BlogThe Times-Democrat from New Orleans, LouisianaCommon Spanish Greetings and Farewells: List and Quiz - Spanish Learning Lab

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A mí lo que me molesta es que tú tengas la verdad de todo. -Loca...

What bothers me is that you have the truth about everything. -Girl...

Caption 54, Yago 9 Recuperación - Part 4

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Note that in this last example, the speaker omits the implied verb estar(to be), using only the adjective encantadato convey her delight as is often done in spoken Spanish.

Some common emotionverbs that invoke the subjunctive includealegrarse(to be happy/glad),enojarse(to be/get angry),encantar(to delight),lamentar(to regret),molestar (to bother),sentir(to be sorry),andsorpender(to surprise),among others.For more ways to talk about feelings in Spanish, we recommend this lesson on expressing emotions in Spanish.

3. Impersonal Expressions

Impersonal expressions in both Spanish and English are constructions that do not involve a particular person, for example, Hace viento (It's windy).Impersonal expressions in Spanish that involve the word Es (It's) plus almost any adjective plus the word queare indicators that the verb that follows should be conjugated in the Spanish subjunctive.

Although the adjectives in such impersonal expressions are innumerable, several popular ones include: agradable (nice), bueno (good), curioso(interesting),dudoso (doubtful),estupendo (great), extraño (strange), importante (important), increíble (amazing), necesario (necessary), probable (probable), raro (strange), urgente (urgent), and vergonzoso (embarrassing). Here are a few examples:

No es necesario que mientas.

It's not necessary for you to lie.

Caption 17, Muñeca Brava 18 - La Apuesta - Part 12

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Although impersonal expressions can typically be positive or negative and still require the subjunctive,as in thislast example(no es necesario in lieu of es necesario),the exception is when theystate facts. Examples include es verdad que (it's true that), es cierto que (it's certain that), es seguro que (it's sure that) and es un hecho que (it's a fact that). However, the negative versions of these phrases do require the Spanish subjunctive, as we see in the following examples in which only the second sentencecalls for thesubjunctive switch:

Es un hecho queélestáenfermo(It's a fact that he'ssick) =INDICATIVE.

No esun hecho queélestéenfermo(It's not a fact that he's sick) =SUBJUNCTIVE.

4. Recommendations

As with wishes, the fact we can't be sure if the actions we suggest or recommend will come to fruition is expressed withthe subjunctive in Spanish. Our formula would thus consist ofa "recommending verb" plus que plus a verb in subjunctive. Such "recommending" verbs include but aren't limited to aconsejar (to advise), decir (to tell), dejar (to allow), exigir(to demand), hacer (to make/force), insistir (to insist), mandar (to order), ordenar (to order), prohibir (to forbid), proponer (to propose), recomendar (to recommend), rogar (to beg), sugerir (to suggest),andsuplicar (to beg), some of which overlap with the "wishes" category. Let's see some examples:

te recomiendo que muevas algunos muebles del salón a la cocina.

I recommend that you move some pieces of furniture from the living room to the kitchen.

Captions 32-33, Karla e Isabel Preparar una fiesta

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les aconsejo que vayan a Zipaquirá,

I advise you to go to Zipaquira,

Caption 29, Aprendiendo con Carlos América precolombina - Mitos y leyendas Muiscas

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The Yabla video Escuela Don Quijote- En el aula- Part 1 can teach you even moreabout using the Spanish subjunctive to giveadvice.

5. Doubt and Denial

Sentences that express doubt and denial also call for the Spanish subjunctive via a similar formula:a doubt/denial verb plus que plus a verb in the subjunctive. Interestingly, although this includes the verbdudar(to doubt) in sentences like Dudo que venga (I doubt he'll come),most of the other verbs in thiscategory are negative, in other words, consist of a verb with "no" in front of it. Examples include:no creer (to not believe),no estar seguro (to not be sure),no parecer (to not seem), no pensar (to not think), and no suponer (to not suppose). Let's see some of these in action:

No, no. No creo que haga falta; eso ya está aclarado.

No, no. I don't think it's necessary; that's already cleared up.

Caption 36, Confidencial:El rey de la estafa Capítulo 4 - Part 5

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No, no me parece que queden bien.

No, it doesn't seem likeyou fit together well to me.

Caption 41, Misión Chef 2 - Pruebas - Part 5

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On the other hand, the positive versions of these very same verbs (without no) trigger the indicative rather than the subjunctive:

Me parece que es la hora de terminar, ¿eh?

I think it's time to finish, huh?

Caption 76, El Aula Azul La Doctora Consejos: parecer y parecerse

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Creo que necesito ir al médico.

I think I need to go to the doctor.

Caption 4, Ariana Cita médica

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6. Ojalá

Another construction that alwaysgoeswith the subjunctive is ojalá que (or sometimes justojalá),which can be translated with such expressions as "I hope," "Let's hope," "If only," and even "God willing." This can be seen inthe title of the famous (and very catchy!)tune by Juan Luis Guerra,Ojalá que lluevacafé en el campo(I Hope it RainsCoffee on the Countryside). Let's watch another couple of examplesfrom our Yabla videolibrary:

Pues, ojalá que tengáis siempre abiertas las puertas de vuestras casas y de vuestros corazones

Well, I hope that you always have open the doors to your homes and your hearts

Captions 56-57, Luis Guitarra Llegaste tú

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Ojalá que todo siga así.

I hope everything keeps going like that.

Caption 60, El reencuentro Las amigas hablan del trabajo y el amor.

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For more examples, check out Clase Aula Azul'svideo on the use of ojaláwith thesubjunctive in Spanish. Let's concludewith one last example:

Bueno, muchas gracias y... y ojalá nos veamos pronto.

Well, thank you very much and... and I hope we see each other soon.

Caption 36, Los Juegos Olímpicos Mario Mola

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Our sentiments exactly! On that note, wehope you've enjoyed this lesson on when to use the subjunctive in Spanish, and don't forget to leave us your suggestions and comments.